History

1954 - Brown vs Board of Education - integration of children of color (Rein, J & Gallagher, B., n.d.)

1950 - 1970 - Community integration move begins

1975 - Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EAHCA) - Became law.

• 70-80s - Dual system of educating - pull a student out of the classroom, use tons of resources to “fix” the child, return the child to the regular education classroom (Poplin & Rogers, 2005)
• 80s - Money was poured into the system, IEP goals not being met, low graduation rated, high drop-out rates, high unemployment rates (Poplin & Rogers, Lipsky & Gartner, 1994)
• Increase in the number of students served (Lipsky & Gartner).

1990 - Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - EAHCA was renamed to IDEA

1997 - IDEA was amended to include developmentally delayed children (yrs 3 - 9)

• 90s - inclusion programs were occurring in every state, in all socio-economic areas, at all grade levels (Lipsky & Gartner)

2004 - IDEA was amended and aligned with the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001

• Emphasis on access for all students to gen. ed. (Poplin & Rogers)

2009 - Funding through American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA)